Brucellosis or brucellosis
Brucellosis or fever is one of the most important common diseases in humans and animals. The disease-causing Brucella bacterium affects a wide range of domesticated and wild mammals. This disease has always been considered from both economic and health aspects due to abortion, reduced milk production, sterility and infertility of affected animals as well as due to human being infected with brucellosis.
cause of disease:
It is caused by different species of Brucella microbes.
Brucellosis in humans:
Brucellosis is transmitted to infected cattle, pigs, sheep or goats but not from person to person. Brucellosis affects blood-forming organs such as bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. Brucellosis occurs in both acute and chronic types. The latency of the disease can be from 1 to 2 days (also seen for several months). Brucellosis is more common in men between the ages of 5 and 5 years.
Consumption of milk, dairy products (butter, cheese) or meat products of infected animals can spread the disease to humans. Severe anemia or gastric problems and a history of surgery because of a decrease in stomach acid may increase the risk of disease. Gastric acid reduces the risk of developing it to some extent. In general, the disease is more common among people who are in contact with large animals (farmers, ranchers, butchers, veterinarians) and those who travel to infected areas.
Symptoms:
The clinical signs of brucellosis in children are not clear. The spleen is large in half. The large spleen is mostly associated with the enlargement of the lymph nodes. Cutaneous herbs in the form of herpes and purpura and other grains of erythema are rare.
The following symptoms appear suddenly in acute brucellosis:
Chills, intermittent fever (fever and chills), sweating
Significant fatigue
Pain when touching the spine
Headache
Enlargement of lymph nodes
The following symptoms gradually appear in chronic brucellosis:
Fatigue
Muscular pain
back ache
Constipation
Weight Loss
Depression
Impotence
There is rarely an abscess in the ovaries, kidneys, and brain
If care and treatment are inadequate, the disease may become chronic or cause a disability, heart infection, bone, brain or liver disease.
Neurologic manifestations and complications in Malta:
Headache
All over the body
Weakness
frailty
Muscle contusion
Lack of sleep
Worry and worry
Depression
Delusions
Meningeal Syndrome
High irritability
prevention:
Avoid unpasteurized milk, cheese and other unapproved dairy and meats.
Use body protectors such as gloves, eye protection, aprons, etc. when contacting animals or meat and other products.
Vaccination of livestock: The live attenuated strain vaccine is the best and protects the animal at least 1 year of injections.
Health education for butchers and livestock.
Diagnosis:
A definitive diagnosis of brucellosis is made by a blood test and with complete treatment usually results in 1 to 2 weeks of recovery. Relatives and family members of the patient who may have ingested the same contaminated food should be examined and tested.
Types of Brucellosis Serological Tests:
The agglutina test is a standard tubular assay (STA) or a burn test that evaluates IgM and IgG.
1ME agglutination test that tests for IgG.
The Coombs Test, which mainly represents IgG class antibodies. However, if a positive Wright test is mistaken for a Wright Compass, all the antibodies in the Wright Test will, in the first instance, also participate.
Complement fixation assay that shows IgG class antibodies.
The radioimmunoassay and ELISA tests, which are more sensitive and specific than standard and complement fixation tests, show both immunoglobulin M and G. But they are also adjustable for examining a particular class of immunoglobulins, so these tests can easily detect acute and chronic acute brucellosis. In other words, specific anti-Brucella antibodies of type IgM, IgG and IgA can be investigated by radioimmunoassay. However, there are no problems with blocking and nonagglutinating antibodies in these tests, and in the acute or chronic stages of the disease specific antibodies can be investigated separately, and ambiguity can be elucidated when interpreting agglutination tests. Eliza's test was confirmed. ELISA can also be used to detect acute and chronic brucellosis by means of IgM or IgG, but it also cross-reacts with yersinosis.
Rose Bengal test, ring test and slab agglutination are Rapid Agglutination methods.
treatment:
It includes a bed rest and antibiotic use, and separating the patient from others is often not necessary. Antibiotics (such as tetracycline for at least three weeks) are used to fight bacterial infection and cortisone drugs are used to reduce severe inflammation. Muscle pain medication is also prescribed.
In the diet of these patients, they usually start with soft foods and gradually increase the variety and quantity of the patient's food until they reach a normal diet. High-energy foods and drinks and plenty of liquids should be used.